Co-operatives
Co-operative Store, London Road, 2007
Photo by Tony Mould
Co-operative Society Shop, c. 1910: Interior of the Co-operative Wholesale Society shop at 97 London Road, showing stocked shelves and sales staff.
Image reproduced with kind permission from Brighton and Hove in Pictures by Brighton and Hove City Council
Co-operative Laundry and Bakery, Date unknown: Co-operative laundry and bakery, Portland Road, Hove
Image reproduced with kind permission from Brighton and Hove in Pictures by Brighton and Hove City Council
Brighton Co-op Delivery Vans, c. 1930: A fleet of Co-operative Society delivery vans on display, with adverts for the Co-op on the side.
Image reproduced with kind permission from Brighton and Hove in Pictures by Brighton and Hove City Council
Brighton Equitable Co-operative Society, London Road, 1935: The "Co-op" was built in 1931, designed by Bethel and Swannell on 4 floors with a 180 feet long frontage and two giant fluted Doric columns above the entrance. Extended in 1962, 1975 and 1980 the floor area totals about 70,000 square feet. It is currently the largest department store in Brighton.
Image reproduced with kind permission from Brighton and Hove in Pictures by Brighton and Hove City Council
The growth of the co-operative movement
Reproduced with permission from the Encyclopaedia of Brighton by Tim Carder, 1990
Please note that this text is an extract from a reference work written in 1990. As a result, some of the content may not reflect recent research, changes and events.
a) EARLY SOCIETIES: The Brighton Co-operative Benevolent Fund Association, based on the communal ideas of social pioneer Robert Owen, was formed on 1 January 1828 and opened a shop at 31 West Street, the first co-operative retail shop in the country. Among its supporters were Lady Byron, and also Dr William King who wrote articles for a monthly journal, The Co-operator, of which twenty-eight issues were published from May 1828 until August 1830; they were one of the inspirations for the Rochdale pioneers. The society's store later moved to 37 West Street and then to Upper North Street. The Sussex General Co-operative Trading Association, formed at about the same time, operated a store at 10 Queen's Place, but both these early ventures had ceased trading by 1830.
In 1846 the Sussex Joint Stock Co-operative Friendly Society was founded by trade union pioneer George Henderson with a store at 100 Trafalgar Street which continued trading until 1857. It was followed by the Working Men's Co-operative Industrial Society in 1860 with a shop in London Street.
b) BRIGHTON CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY: The Brighton 'Co-op' was founded at a meeting at the Coffee Palace, 29 Duke Street, on 26 November 1887. With George Holyoake as president, the society was formally established on 1 January 1888 with 200 members, and the first store was opened at 32 North Road on 16 May 1888. Membership increased slowly with only 932 members by 1900, but by 1914 it had risen to 4,414 and after the war increased rapidly to 10,000 by 1921 when other Sussex societies had been absorbed. In 1900, 96 London Road was purchased as a main office, and nos.97-101 were also acquired by 1909. These premises were converted into a single store in about 1919 when the Lewes Road store was also enlarged and branches had opened in several Sussex towns.
The 1920s and '30s saw a large expansion in operations, and the 'Co-op' played a very important part in the lives of many of the poorer inhabitants of the town, organising social and sporting events as well as providing dividends for its members and value-for-money shopping. Many new shops were opened across the county and a new bakery was established in 1920 at Portland Road, Hove, which was joined by a large laundry in 1934; the dairy operation was also expanded greatly behind Hanover Place. The culmination of the society's early success was the opening of the large central store in London Road on 12 September 1931, now the largest department store in Brighton. Designed by Bethell and Swannell, it has four storeys and a 180-foot frontage relieved only by two giant fluted Doric columns above the entrance. The total floor area now amounts to some 70,000 square feet with the additions of 1962, 1975 and 1980.
In 1978 the first large Brighton Co-op 'superstore' was opened at Peacehaven; a second opened on 11 June 1986 in Nevill Road, Hove, and there are others at Worthing and Hailsham.
Any numerical cross-references in the text above refer to resources in the Sources and Bibliography section of the Encyclopaedia of Brighton by Tim Carder.
The following resource(s) is quoted as a general source for the information above: {74,75,123}
This page was added on 10/02/2007.